Lahore Board             
Part-II
(Objective type)
Group - I

Note: Four possible answers A, B,C and D to each questions are given. The choice which you think is correct, fill that circle in the front of that question with marker or pen ink. Cutting or filling two or more circle will result in zero mark in that question. Write the letter A, B, C or D in the column (Write the correct option) against the each question also. If there is contradiction in the bubble and hand written answer, bubble option will be considered correct.

• Mustard gas is obtained by the reaction of  S₂Cl₂ with:
  
  a) Ethane
  b) Ethene
  c) Ethyne 
  d) Methane
  
  
• Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is an irritant to human beings and its affects:
  
  a) Eyes
  b) Ears
  c) Stomach
  d) Nose
  
  
• Cannizzaro’s reaction is not given by:
  
  a) Formaldehyde
  b) Acetaldehyde
  c) Benzaldehyde
  d) Trimethylacetadehyde
  
  
• Which one of the following does not belongs to alkaline earth metals:
  
  a) Be
  b) Ra
  c) Ba
  d) Rn
  
  
• Pentane(C₅H₁₂) shows how many chain isomers:
  
  a) 2
  b) 3
  c) 4
  d) 5
  
  
• Which one of the following is not a nucleophile:
  
  a) H₂O
  b) H₂S
  c) BF₃
  d) NH₃
  
  
• Tincal is a mineral of:
  
  a) Al
  b) Boron
  c) Silicon
  d) Carbon
  
  
• The word paper is derived from the name of which reedy plant:
  
  a) Rose
  b) Sunflower
  c) Papyrus
  d) Water Hyacinth
  
  
• The reaction between fat and NaOH is called:
  
  a) Esterification
  b) Hydrogenolysis
  c) Fermentation
  d) Saponification
  
  
•  Among group VA elements, the most electronegative is:
  
  a) Sb
  b) N
  c) P
  d) As
  
  
• Which of the following is not a fatty acid:
  
  a) Propinoic acid
  b) Acetic Acid
  c) Phthalic acid
  d) Butanoic acid
  
  
• Which one of the following noble gas is used in bactericidal lamps:
  
  a) Ne
  b) Ar
  c) Kr
  d) Xe
  
  
•  Which compound is called a universal solvent:
  
  a) H₂O
  b) CH₃OH
  c) C₂H₅OH
  d) CH₃-O-CH₃
  
  
• How many Elements are present in 5^th period of the periodic table:
  
  a) 32
  b) 8
  c) 18
  d) 28
  
  
• How many resonance structures of benzene are known:
  
  a) 3
  b) 4
  c) 5
  d) 6
  
  
• Which of the following reagent will react with both aldehydes and ketones:
  
  a) Grignard reagent
  b) Tollen’s Reagent
  c) Fehling’s Reagent
  d) Benedict’s Reagent
  
  
• Percentage of carbon in steel is:
  
  a) 0.25 to 2.5%
  b) 0.12 to 0.20%
  c) 3.0 to 4.5%
  d) 2.0 to 4.5%

SUBJECTIVE TYPE
SECTION – I

2-Write the short answer to any 8 questions:

• Discuss the trend of ionization energy in periodic table.
• Give two defects of Mendeleev’s periodic table.
• Mention two major problems that may arise in Nelson’s cell.
• Give advantages of Down’s cell.
• Give preparation of Portland cement as carried out by Joseph Aspdin, Why it is named so?
• CO₂ is a gas while SiO₂ is a solid at room temperature. justify.
• Borate glazes are better than silicate glazes, explain.
• Write two principle uses of borax.
• Arrange following oxyacids in increasing   order of acid strength and oxidizing power:
  HClO₄, HClO₃, HClO₂, HOCl
• Give coordination number and oxidation state of Fe in K₄[Fe(CN)₆]
• Branched hydrocarbons are better as a fuel as compared to straight chain, explain.
• Define tantomerism, give an example.

3- Write short answers to any 8 questions:

• How does HNO₂ acts as a reducing agent?
• How does P₂P₅ react with water in cold and hot state?
• Benzene can be prepared commercially from acetylene. give reaction with conditions.
• How ammonical solution of AgNO₃ can be used to distinguish between 1- Butyne and  2- Butyne?
• How hexane and heptane can give benzene and toluene respectively?
• How benzene can be converted to acetophenone, give its mechanism.
• What are elimination reactions? give example of E1 reaction.
• How will you convert CH3- Ch₃to (CH₃-CH₂)₄N⁺Br ^-?
• Give reactions to produce α-hydroxy acid from aldehydes.
• Fehling’s solution reacts with aldehydes to give red ppt. justify it.
• Discuss Saponification number.
• Write any two difference between DNA and RNA.

4- Write short answer of any 6 questions: 

• Write the structure formulae of ethylene glycol and lactic acid.
•  Give preparation of menthol by reaction of CO and H₂.
• Distinguish ethanol and tertiary butyl alcohol by Lucas test.
• Prepare phenol from chlorobenzene by Dow’s method.
• Write down the structure formulae of phthalic acid and Malonic acid.
• Prepare ethane from acetic acid  by reduction with HI/P.
• Distinguish micronutrients and macronutrients for plants.
• Give reactions of preparation of urea by using NH₃ and CO₂.
• What are Leachates and what they contain?

SECTION – II

Note : Attempt any three questions:

Question#5
(a) Discuss the position of hydrogen in group IV-A of periodic table.
(b) Describe preparation of sodium hydroxide by Nelson’s Diaphragm cell.

Question#6 
(a) Define SP³ and SP² Hybridization, give one example in each case.
(b) Write the reactions of the Grignard reagent with the following:
i- Water
ii- Ammonia
iii- CO₂
iv- Alcohols

Question#7
(a) Discuss acidic nature of alkynes with at least two examples.
(b) Discuss Haloform reaction with one example.

Question#8 
(a) What is meant by orientation? Why certain substituents are ortho and para directive and others are meta directive giving one example of each.
(b) Give two methods of preparation and two reactions of amino acid.

Question#9
(a) Explain the following terms giving examples:
i- Ligands
ii- Coordination number
iii- Chelates
iv- Coordination sphere
(b) What is acid rain? how does it affect our environment?

Lahore Board
Part-II
(Objective type)
Group II

Note: Four possible answers A, B,C and D to each questions are given. The choice which you think is correct, fill that circle in the front of that question with marker or pen ink. Cutting or filling two or more circle will result in zero mark in that question. Write the letter A, B, C or D in the column (Write the correct option) against the each question also. If there is contradiction in the bubble and hand written answer, bubble option will be considered correct.

• Order of reactivity of alcohols when C-O bond breaks is:
  
  a) Tertiary alcohol > Secondary alcohols > Primary alcohols
  b) Primary alcohols > Secondary alcohols > Tertiary alcohol
  c) Secondary alcohols > Primary alcohols> Tertiary alcohol
  d) Tertiary alcohol > Primary alcohols> Secondary alcohols

• Ester Amyl acetate has the flavour of:
  
  a) Raspberry
  b) Apricot
  c) Orange
  d) Banana
  
  
• Ortho phosphoric acid has melting point:
  
  a) 49°C
  b) 45°C
  c) 41°C
  d) 50°C           
  
  
• The optimum PH of Salivary amylase is:
  
  a) 5.4 to 6.9
  b) 5.4 to 7.9
  c) 6.4 to 6.9
  d) 6.4 to 7.4
  
  
• β- β`- Dichloroethyl sulphide is commonly known as:
  
  a) Laughing gas
  b) phosgene gas
  c) Mustard gas
  d) Bio gas
  
  
• Percentage of nitrogen in urea is:

          a) 76%
          b) 56%
          c) 46%
          d) 86%

• Mild steel contains carbon:
  
  a) 0.1 to 0.2 %
  b) 0.2 to 0.7%
  c) 0.2 to 0.6%
  d) 0.1 to 0.6%
  
  
• Cement contains gypsum:
  
  a) 3%
  b) 2%
  c) 0.2%
  d) 0.3%
  
  
• The compound used in the processing of anti polio vaccine is:
  
  a) Acetaldehyde
  b) Formaldehyde
  c) Acetone
  d) Ethyl bromide
  
  
• Aldeydes and ketones react with 2, 4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine solution to give precipitate of the color:
  
  a) Yellow or red
  b) Orange or red
  c) White or red
  d) black or red
  
  
• Resonance energy of benzene is:
  
  a) 150.5 KJ/mole
  b) 140.5 KJ/Mole
  c) 155KJ/mole
  d) 145 KJ/mole
  
  
• Dolomite is:
  
  a) CaCO₃
  b) MgCO₃.CaCO₃
  c) MgCO₃
  d) Na₂CO₃
  
  
• Vital force theory was rejected by:
  
  a) G.N Lewis
  b) F. Wholer
  c) Greek philosopher  
  d) Scientists of 20^th century
  
  
• Xenon has kinds of oxides:
  
  a) 2
  b) 3
  c) 5
  d) 1
  
  
• SN₁ reactions are given by:
  
  a) Primary alkyl Halides
  b) Secondary alkyl Halides
  c) Tertiary alkyl Halides
  d) Secondary alcohol
  
  
• How many times the newspaper can be recycled:
  
  a) 3
  b) 4
  c) 5
  d) 2
  
  
• Elements of periodic table are classified into blocks:
  
  a) Four
  b) Three
  c) Five
  d) six

SUBJECTIVE TYPE
SECTION – I

• Define Mendeleev’s and modern periodic laws.
• Give four improvements made in the Mendeleev’s periodic table.
• Give the two major problems during the working of a diaphragm table.
• Why KO₂ is used in breathing equipment by mountaineers and astronauts?
• why alkali and alkaline earth metals are the most reactive elements of periodic table?
• Why CO₂ is a gas, but SiO₂ is a solid at ordinary temperature?
• How boron differs from others members of its family? give four points.
• Give the four uses of Borax.
• What are Chelates? Give an example.
• Why bleaching powder show bleaching action?
• What is an octane no and how it is improved?
• How does cracking and reforming differ from each other?

3. Write the answers of any 8 questions:

• Why is SO₃ dissolved in H₂SO₄ and not in water?
• Give two reactions which shows oxidizing behavior of NO.
• State Markownikov’s rule. Give an example.
• Write down mechanism for kolbe’s electrolytic method for preparation of an alkane.
• Convert  benzene into
  (a) Cyclohexane
  (b) Maleicanhydride
• Write down the general mechanism for the electrophilic substitution of benzene.
• Give two preparation methods of alkyhalides from alcohols.
• Convert ethyl bromide into: (a) Ethane    (b) n-butane    
• Write equations for the reactioins of acetaldehyde with: (a) NaHSO₃  (b)HCN
• Give two tests for distinguishing between an aldehydes and ketone.
• What Saponification number?
• What are oils and fats?
  
  

4. Write short answers to any 6 questions:

• What are alcohols? How they are classified?
• Why absolute alcohol can not be prepared by fermentation process?
• How phenol is prepared by Dow’s methods?
• Write down reactions of diethyl ether with:
  (a) HI
  (b) PCl ₅
• Write down the reactions of acetic acid with:
  (a) HI/red phosphorus
  (b) NH₃ heat
• What are micro- nutrients and macro nutrients, which are esstenial for the plant growth?
• Write down any characteristic features for a good fertilizer.
• Describe briefly Zwitter ionic structure.
• What are Leachates?

SECTION –II

Attempt any 3 questions:

Question#5
(a) Justify position of hydrogen at the top group IA and IVV A in the Periodic table.
(b) Discuss the role of gypsum in agriculture.

Question#6 
(a) Explain SP² – Hybridization along with describing structure of ethene.
(b) What products are formed when the following compounds are treated with eythl magnesium bromide, followed by hydrolysis in the presence of an acid:
i- HCHO
ii- CH₃CHO
iii- (CH₃)₂CO
iv- ClCN

Question#7
(a) Convert:
i- Acetic acid into methane
ii- Propanol into 1-chloro, 2- Propanol
iii- Propene into 2- bromopropane
iv- Ethene into eythne
(b) Distinguish:
i- Acetaldehyde and propanone       
ii- Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde

Question#8
(a) Describe the structure of Benzene on the basis of resonance method.
(b) Write down the mechanism of Esterification.

Question#5 
(a) Explain Bessemer’s process for preparation of steel.
(b) Write methods for purification of water, Explain the process of disinfection of water by clorine.